Societal Impacts on the State of Texas: August 2014 Summary Report
August was hotter and drier than June or July, with most of the state seeing above normal temperatures and below-normal rainfall. Precipitation was boom or bust for the most part, with many regions that saw above normal rain seeing two or three times their normal rainfall for the month, while many parts of the state were below 25 percent of their normal monthly accumulations. Reservoirs continue to be a major concern for the state. Statewide, reservoirs continued to decline, dropping by nearly three percent. Several rural and industrial water supplies started new or updated existing water use restrictions, including Luling in Caldwell County, the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority in Calhoun County, the Coolcrest and Fair Oaks Ranch Utilities in Bexar County, and Highland Park in Dallas County. Many suburbs of the Metroplex, including Lewisville, Allen, and Plano, have adjusted their restrictions to allow for outdoor watering on rotation through October. Groundwater out west is still a concern as well: the Edwards Aquifer J-17 test well dropped to 626 feet asl during August, and springflows declined by over 10 percent. A new report out of Texas Tech estimates that the Ogallala Aquifer only has 15 years of usage at its current rate in west Texas, based on a decline of 100 feet in the past 40 years, compared to roughly 40 feet averaged across the whole aquifer; current estimates show that 30% of the High Plains economy—roughly $3 billion—could be impacted by the dropping aquifer levels.
Crop progress through August was promising. Cotton, corn, sorghum, and rice all beat both last year's and their 5-year average marks for crop development, though they are behind in both in terms of harvesting. Soybeans, meanwhile, are behind their marks both compared to last year and the 5-year average. Cotton and peanuts have the highest percentage of poor to very poor report conditions, but most crops are fair to excellent overall. Continued dryness through central and south-central Texas has lead these areas to see few reports of adequate soil moisture, both at topsoil and subsoil levels. The High Plains have improved since the beginning of the summer, but still struggle with subsoil moisture shortages. Outside of the statistics, there are concerns over the future of the Texas rice belt, with new well drilling expected to drain groundwater at an unsustainable rate and ushering the end of rice crops in the Lower Colorado River Valley.
August was a relatively quiet month for severe weather for the state, but there were some notable events. In Brownsville, an unseasonable microburst toppled a transformer and knocked power out to thousands. Storms in Dallas toppled power lines, draping them over cars and trapping people inside; lightning from storms later in the month is being blamed for burning down several homes. At the end of the month, severe storms hit Lubbock, dropping marble-sized hail and 65 mph gusts that damages cars and knocked over trees and power lines across the city.